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Ambisome的功效、副作用与注意事项

发布时间:2023-12-07 13:42:50 阅读:1164 来源:问药网
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安必素

安必素 生产厂家:迈兰(Mylan)制药有限公司 功能主治:一线抗真菌药物,治疗深部真菌感染有效率高 用法用量:用法用量  静脉用药:开始静脉滴注时先试以1~5mg或按体重一次0.02~0.1mg/kg给药,以后根据患者耐受情况每日或隔日增加5mg,当增至一次 0.6~0.7mg/kg时即可暂停增加剂量,此为一般治疗量。  成人最高一日剂量不超过1mg/kg,每日或隔1~2日给药1次,累积总量 1.5~3.0g,疗程1~3个月,也可长至6个月,视病情及疾病种类而定。  对敏感真菌感染宜采用较小剂量,即成人一次20~30mg,疗程仍宜长。  鞘内给药:首次0.05~0.1mg,以后渐增至每次0.5mg,最大量一次不超过1mg,每周给药2~3次,总量15mg左右。  鞘内给药时宜与小剂量地塞米松或琥珀酸氢化可的松同时给与,并需用脑脊液反复稀释药液,边稀释边缓慢注入以减少不良反应。  局部用药:气溶吸入时成人每次5~10mg,用灭菌注射用水溶解成0.2%~0.3%溶液应用;超声雾化吸入时本品浓度为0.01%~0.02%,每日吸入2~3次,每次吸入5~10ml;持续膀胱冲洗时每日以两性霉素B 5mg加入1000ml灭菌注射用水中,按每小时注入40ml速度进行冲洗,共用5~10日。  静脉滴注或鞘内给药时,均先以灭菌注射用水10ml配制本品50mg,或5ml配制25mg,然后用5%葡萄糖注射液稀释(不可用氯化钠注射液,因可产生沉淀),滴注液的药物浓度不超过10mg/100ml,避光缓慢静滴,每次滴注时间需6小时以上,稀释用葡萄糖注射液的pH值应在4.2以上。  鞘内注射时可取5mg/ml浓度的药液1ml,加5%葡萄糖注射液19ml稀释,使最终浓度成250μg/ml。  注射时取所需药液量以脑脊液5~30ml反复稀释,并缓慢注入。  鞘内注射液的药物浓度不可高于25mg/100ml,pH值应在4.2以上。
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Ambisome的功效、副作用与注意事项,Ambisome(AmBisome)常见副作用包括发热、寒战、呼吸困难、恶心、呕吐、肾功能损害、低钾血症、头痛和胃肠不适。在治疗期间需要监测肾功能和电解质。Ambisome(AmBisome)是一种抗真菌药物,其主要成分是阿莫夫洛星(AmphotericinB)。它主要用于治疗严重的真菌感染,具有以下疗效:1.抗真菌活性,抑制多种真菌的生长和繁殖。2.治疗各种念珠菌感染。3.治疗血液系统真菌感染。该药品在治疗相关疾病方面表现出色,疗效显著、安全性高。

Ambisome: Benefits, Side Effects, and Precautions for Treating Fungal Infections

Introduction:

Ambisome is a medication used in the treatment of fungal infections. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antifungal agents and is primarily used to combat serious fungal infections in individuals with compromised immune systems. This article will explore the benefits of Ambisome, potential side effects associated with its use, and important precautions to keep in mind while using this medication.

1. The Benefits of Ambisome:

Ambisome is known for its effectiveness in treating various fungal infections. Some of the key benefits of this medication include:

a. Antifungal Activity: Ambisome demonstrates potent antifungal activity against various yeast and mold infections. It is particularly effective against invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcal meningitis.

b. Systemic Relief: Ambisome is administered intravenously, allowing the medication to enter the bloodstream and reach all parts of the body. This systemic delivery helps combat infections that have spread beyond the initial site.

c. Reduced Toxicity: Compared to other antifungal medications, Ambisome offers a safer treatment option with reduced toxicity. This is because it specifically targets the fungal cells, minimizing damage to healthy cells in the body.

2. Potential Side Effects of Ambisome:

While Ambisome is generally well-tolerated, like any medication, it may cause certain side effects. It is important to be aware of these potential side effects, which can include:

a. Infusion-Related Reactions: Ambisome is administered intravenously, and some individuals may experience infusion-related reactions, such as fever, chills, headache, muscle pain, or low blood pressure. These reactions can be managed with pre-medication before administration.

b. Kidney Toxicity: Ambisome can potentially cause kidney toxicity, leading to increased levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Regular monitoring of kidney function is essential during treatment.

c. Liver Toxicity: In rare cases, Ambisome may cause liver toxicity, resulting in increased liver enzymes. Regular liver function monitoring is necessary to prevent any severe complications.

d. Electrolyte Imbalance: Ambisome can disrupt the balance of electrolytes in the body, particularly potassium and magnesium levels. Regular monitoring and appropriate supplementation may be required.

3. Precautions When Using Ambisome:

To ensure the safe and effective use of Ambisome, it is crucial to consider the following precautions:

a. Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any known allergies to medications or any previous adverse reactions to antifungal drugs. This information will help determine the suitability of Ambisome for your treatment.

b. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: It is essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits of Ambisome with a healthcare professional during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. The medication should only be used if the benefits outweigh any potential risks.

c. Drug Interactions: Ambisome can interact with certain medications, such as amphotericin B, cyclosporine, and certain diuretics. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking to prevent any adverse drug interactions.

d. Medical History: Discuss your medical history, especially any kidney or liver disease, with your healthcare provider before starting Ambisome. This information will help assess the suitability and dosage adjustments required for your treatment.

Conclusion:

Ambisome is a valuable medication for treating serious fungal infections. With its potent antifungal activity and systemic relief, it offers significant benefits to patients. However, it is essential to be aware of potential side effects, such as infusion-related reactions, kidney and liver toxicity, and electrolyte imbalances. By following precautions and regularly monitoring your health, you can maximize the effectiveness of Ambisome while minimizing any potential risks associated with its use. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance regarding Ambisome treatment.