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Ambisome(安必素)的作用功效及副作用

发布时间:2025-03-14 13:04:09 阅读:1265 来源:问药网
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安必素

安必素 生产厂家:美国吉利德科学公司(Gilead Sciences) 功能主治:一线抗真菌药物,治疗深部真菌感染有效率高 用法用量:用法用量  静脉用药:开始静脉滴注时先试以1~5mg或按体重一次0.02~0.1mg/kg给药,以后根据患者耐受情况每日或隔日增加5mg,当增至一次 0.6~0.7mg/kg时即可暂停增加剂量,此为一般治疗量。  成人最高一日剂量不超过1mg/kg,每日或隔1~2日给药1次,累积总量 1.5~3.0g,疗程1~3个月,也可长至6个月,视病情及疾病种类而定。  对敏感真菌感染宜采用较小剂量,即成人一次20~30mg,疗程仍宜长。  鞘内给药:首次0.05~0.1mg,以后渐增至每次0.5mg,最大量一次不超过1mg,每周给药2~3次,总量15mg左右。  鞘内给药时宜与小剂量地塞米松或琥珀酸氢化可的松同时给与,并需用脑脊液反复稀释药液,边稀释边缓慢注入以减少不良反应。  局部用药:气溶吸入时成人每次5~10mg,用灭菌注射用水溶解成0.2%~0.3%溶液应用;超声雾化吸入时本品浓度为0.01%~0.02%,每日吸入2~3次,每次吸入5~10ml;持续膀胱冲洗时每日以两性霉素B 5mg加入1000ml灭菌注射用水中,按每小时注入40ml速度进行冲洗,共用5~10日。  静脉滴注或鞘内给药时,均先以灭菌注射用水10ml配制本品50mg,或5ml配制25mg,然后用5%葡萄糖注射液稀释(不可用氯化钠注射液,因可产生沉淀),滴注液的药物浓度不超过10mg/100ml,避光缓慢静滴,每次滴注时间需6小时以上,稀释用葡萄糖注射液的pH值应在4.2以上。  鞘内注射时可取5mg/ml浓度的药液1ml,加5%葡萄糖注射液19ml稀释,使最终浓度成250μg/ml。  注射时取所需药液量以脑脊液5~30ml反复稀释,并缓慢注入。  鞘内注射液的药物浓度不可高于25mg/100ml,pH值应在4.2以上。
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Ambisome(安必素)的作用功效及副作用,Ambisome(AmBisome)常见副作用包括发热、寒战、呼吸困难、恶心、呕吐、肾功能损害、低钾血症、头痛和胃肠不适。在治疗期间需要监测肾功能和电解质。Ambisome(AmBisome)是一种抗真菌药物,其主要成分是阿莫夫洛星(AmphotericinB)。它主要用于治疗严重的真菌感染,具有以下疗效:1.抗真菌活性,抑制多种真菌的生长和繁殖。2.治疗各种念珠菌感染。3.治疗血液系统真菌感染。该药品在治疗相关疾病方面表现出色,疗效显著、安全性高。

Title: The Efficacy and Side Effects of Ambisome: A Powerful Treatment for Fungal Infections

Introduction:

Ambisome is an antifungal medication widely used in the treatment of various fungal infections. It belongs to the class of drugs called liposomal amphotericin B. This article aims to explore the effects and benefits of Ambisome as well as discuss its potential side effects.

1. What is Ambisome?

Ambisome is a medication derived from amphotericin B, which is known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties against various fungal infections. It is administered intravenously and is often recommended for severe fungal infections that are unresponsive to other antifungal medications.

2. How Does Ambisome Work?

Ambisome exerts its antifungal effects by binding to the cell membrane of the fungal organisms, disrupting their structure and function. This disruption ultimately leads to the death of the fungi, effectively treating the infection.

3. The Efficacy of Ambisome:

Ambisome has demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of invasive fungal infections caused by pathogens such as Candida species, Aspergillus species, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The liposomal formulation of Ambisome allows for a targeted delivery of the drug to the site of infection, increasing its effectiveness while minimizing systemic toxicity.

4. Benefits of Ambisome:

Wide spectrum of activity: Ambisome is effective against a broad range of fungal infections, making it a valuable treatment option for patients with severe or resistant infections.

Increased safety profile: The liposomal formulation of Ambisome has significantly reduced the toxicity associated with traditional amphotericin B formulations, minimizing the risk of kidney damage and other adverse effects.

Convenient administration: Ambisome is administered intravenously, allowing for precise dosing and easy monitoring by healthcare professionals.

5. Common Side Effects of Ambisome:

While Ambisome is generally considered safe, it may still cause some side effects, including:

Fever and chills

Headache

Nausea and vomiting

Decreased kidney function

Electrolyte imbalances

It is important to note that not all patients will experience these side effects, and the severity can vary from person to person. Close monitoring by healthcare professionals and appropriate hydration can help mitigate these risks.

Conclusion:

Ambisome is a powerful antifungal medication that has proven efficacy in the treatment of severe fungal infections. Its broad spectrum of activity and improved safety profile are key advantages. However, like any medication, it can cause side effects, particularly related to kidney function. Healthcare professionals carefully assess the benefits and risks of Ambisome to ensure the most appropriate treatment for each individual patient.